Frequently Asked Questions

Igniter failures account for most no-heat calls in gas furnaces. The igniter glows to light the gas burner, but cracks or weakening over time prevent ignition. Technicians test voltage and inspect for visible cracks, replacing the igniter when it no longer reaches temperature or shows physical damage.

Short cycling happens when dirty filters restrict airflow, flame sensors fail to confirm ignition, or the heat exchanger overheats and triggers the limit switch. Each issue forces the system to shut down prematurely. Diagnosis involves checking filter condition, sensor readings, and airflow across the heat exchanger.

Ice buildup blocks airflow and prevents heat absorption, forcing warm air through registers even while the compressor runs. Low refrigerant, restricted airflow from dirty filters, or blower problems cause coils to freeze. The system must thaw completely before technicians can identify the underlying cause.

SEER2 uses updated testing conditions that reflect real-world installation with ductwork and typical static pressure, making ratings about 5% lower than legacy SEER numbers. A 15 SEER system under the old standard tests around 14.3 SEER2. The new metric gives more accurate efficiency comparisons when replacing equipment.

Manual J accounts for insulation, window area, orientation, occupancy, and climate instead of simply matching the old unit's tonnage. Homes often have oversized equipment that short-cycles and dehumidifies poorly. Proper sizing improves comfort, runtime, humidity control, and efficiency compared to guessing based on square footage alone.

Heat exchanger cracks, compressor failure in heat pumps, or major component failure in systems over 15 years old typically favor replacement because repair costs approach half the price of new equipment. Minor issues like igniters, sensors, or blower motors make sense to repair when the furnace is under 12 years old and otherwise reliable.

Heat pumps extract warmth from outdoor air even in freezing temperatures, using refrigerant to transfer that heat indoors. Standard models lose capacity below 25°F, while cold-climate inverter-driven units maintain output near zero degrees. Many installations include backup electric heat or dual-fuel gas furnace support for extreme cold.

Ductless systems deliver targeted heating and cooling to additions, garages, sunrooms, and rooms with persistent hot or cold spots without extending ductwork. Each indoor head operates independently with its own thermostat. Installation requires only a three-inch wall opening for refrigerant lines and wiring instead of major structural changes.

Seasonal maintenance includes cleaning condenser and evaporator coils, checking refrigerant charge, testing capacitors and electrical connections, inspecting airflow and filters, and verifying system performance under load. These checks catch refrigerant leaks, failing capacitors, and restricted airflow before they cause breakdowns during summer heat.

Packaged units combine the compressor, coil, blower, and heating components in one outdoor cabinet, eliminating indoor furnace and coil equipment. They suit homes with limited attic, basement, or closet space and reduce refrigerant line length. Configuration options include heat pump, gas-electric, and dual-fuel models depending on heating preferences.

Whole-home humidifiers and dehumidifiers connect to existing ductwork and respond to dedicated humidity controls separate from the thermostat. Indiana's humid summers and dry winters create moisture swings that affect comfort and wood flooring. Integrated equipment regulates indoor humidity automatically without portable units in individual rooms.

The flame sensor confirms ignition by detecting the electrical current that flows through the burner flame. If the sensor is coated with carbon buildup or fails to register flame within seconds, the gas valve closes as a safety measure. Cleaning or replacing the sensor restores normal heating without affecting other furnace components.

Hydro-jetting becomes necessary when recurring clogs suggest buildup inside the pipe rather than isolated blockages. Tree roots, grease accumulation, and mineral scale require pressurized water to remove completely. Snaking clears a path through debris but leaves residue that causes faster re-clogging.

Charlotte's clay soil expands when wet and contracts when dry, creating foundation movement. This soil movement causes slab cracks that lead to plumbing leaks. Properties with mature trees near the foundation face higher risk because roots accelerate soil moisture changes.

NATE certification verifies technicians pass industry exams covering refrigerant handling, airflow diagnostics, electrical troubleshooting, and safety protocols. Certified techs identify problems other contractors miss, like subcooling errors or improper superheat that cause premature compressor failure. The certification requires ongoing education as equipment and refrigerants change.

Repair addresses individual component failures like reversing valves, contactors, or defrost boards. Replacement becomes appropriate when compressor failure occurs in systems over ten years old or when refrigerant leaks require converting to new refrigerant types. Repair costs approaching 50% of replacement value signal it's time to consider new equipment.

Spray foam seals irregular cavities, rim joists, and areas where air leakage creates comfort problems fiberglass can't address. It adheres to surfaces and stops airflow completely, while fiberglass allows convective heat loss through gaps. Use spray foam where air sealing matters more than cost per square foot.

Technicians test the igniter's resistance, check flame sensor conductivity, verify gas valve operation, and inspect the control board for error codes. Most no-heat calls trace to failed igniters that no longer glow hot enough or flame sensors coated in combustion residue. Testing identifies the failed component before parts are ordered.

High humidity forces air conditioners to remove moisture before temperature drops, which slows cooling and increases runtime. Systems sized only for temperature without accounting for latent load struggle during muggy stretches. Proper sizing using Manual J load calculations factors in regional humidity patterns to prevent short-cycling and inadequate dehumidification.

Short cycling usually results from restricted airflow due to clogged filters, closed supply vents, or undersized return ducts. Oversized furnaces also cycle frequently because they satisfy the thermostat too quickly. Dirty flame sensors can cause nuisance shutdowns that look like cycling but actually indicate safety lockouts.

Ductless systems require only a three-inch wall penetration for refrigerant lines and wiring, avoiding the cost and structural changes needed to extend existing ductwork. Each indoor head operates independently, so additions get dedicated temperature control without affecting the main system. Installation doesn't require attic access or ceiling modifications.

Maintenance includes coil cleaning, refrigerant charge verification, electrical connection testing, blower performance checks, filter inspection, and safety control testing. Fall heating checks add flame sensor cleaning, heat exchanger inspection, and gas pressure measurement. These seasonal inspections catch worn capacitors, refrigerant leaks, and ignition problems before peak demand.

Systems under eight years old with single-component failures usually merit repair unless the compressor has failed. After twelve years, factor in efficiency losses, refrigerant phase-outs, and cumulative repair history. When repair estimates exceed half the replacement cost and the system uses R-22 refrigerant, replacement avoids ongoing refrigerant price increases.

SEER2 measures cooling efficiency under updated 2023 testing standards that better reflect real-world conditions than older SEER ratings. Higher SEER2 units cost more upfront but run longer per cycle, remove humidity more effectively, and reduce operating costs. Regional minimum efficiency requirements now mandate SEER2 ratings for all new equipment.